Compare AI regulations between states Pick two states to compare obligations, timing, and enforcement exposure.
Signal: compare totals, in-effect counts, and highest state penalty side by side.
State A Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
State B Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
Maryland has 16 regulations while Texas has 17 . Maryland requires Human oversight required that Texas does not. Texas requires Consent required, Data retention limits that Maryland does not. Both states require Consent required, Bias testing required, Transparency notice required.
Summary stats Maryland Texas Total regulations 16 17 AI-specific laws 3 5 Sector-specific laws 1 0 Privacy ADM laws 1 1 Highest state penalty $25,000 $200,000 Already in effect 16 17 Upcoming 0 0
Federal penalties also apply: up to $53,088 per violation (FTC). These apply in every state in addition to state-level penalties above.
Obligation MD TX ADM impact assessment required ● ● Bias testing required ● ● Bias testing required ● ● Consent required ● ● Consent required ● Consumer notification required ● ● Consumer opt-out required ● ● Content removal required ● ● Data retention limits ● Disclosure to users required ● ● Human oversight required ● Impact assessment required ● ● Profiling disclosure required ● ● Prohibited practices ● ● Record-keeping required ● ● Record-keeping required ● ● Risk management program required ● ● Transparency notice required ● ● Transparency notice required ● ●
Maryland Maryland HB 1202 (Facial Recognition in Hiring) MD Low
Effective October 1, 2020
EEOC Guidance on AI in Employment Selection FEDERAL Medium Both
Effective May 18, 2023
FTC Enforcement Policy on AI and Algorithmic Fairness FEDERAL Medium Both
Effective January 1, 2023
Executive Order 14110 on AI (Revoked) FEDERAL Low Both
Effective October 30, 2023
Executive Order 14281: Restoring Equality of Opportunity and Meritocracy FEDERAL High Both
Effective April 23, 2025
DOJ AI Litigation Task Force FEDERAL Medium Both
Effective January 9, 2026
SEC AI Guidance in Financial Services FEDERAL Low Both
Effective January 1, 2023
FDA AI/ML Medical Device Framework FEDERAL Medium Both
Effective January 1, 2021
HUD AI Guidance in Housing FEDERAL Low Both
Effective June 1, 2023
DOL AI in Workplace Guidance FEDERAL Low Both
Effective May 16, 2024
Maryland Online Data Privacy Act (MODPA), ADM and profiling provisions MD Medium
Effective October 1, 2025
Maryland AI Governance Act of 2024 (SB 818) MD Low
Effective December 1, 2024
Maryland Nonconsensual Pornography Deepfake Expansion (SB 360) MD Low
Effective July 1, 2025
Maryland Healthcare AI Utilization Review (HB 820) MD Medium
Effective October 1, 2025
TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146) FEDERAL Medium Both
Effective May 19, 2026
NIST AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0) FEDERAL Low Both
Effective January 26, 2023
Texas Texas TRAIGA (Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act, HB 149) TX Medium
Effective January 1, 2026
Texas Data Privacy and Security Act, Profiling Provisions (HB 4) TX Low
Effective July 1, 2024
EEOC Guidance on AI in Employment Selection FEDERAL Medium Both
Effective May 18, 2023
FTC Enforcement Policy on AI and Algorithmic Fairness FEDERAL Medium Both
Effective January 1, 2023
Executive Order 14110 on AI (Revoked) FEDERAL Low Both
Effective October 30, 2023
Executive Order 14281: Restoring Equality of Opportunity and Meritocracy FEDERAL High Both
Effective April 23, 2025
DOJ AI Litigation Task Force FEDERAL Medium Both
Effective January 9, 2026
SEC AI Guidance in Financial Services FEDERAL Low Both
Effective January 1, 2023
FDA AI/ML Medical Device Framework FEDERAL Medium Both
Effective January 1, 2021
HUD AI Guidance in Housing FEDERAL Low Both
Effective June 1, 2023
DOL AI in Workplace Guidance FEDERAL Low Both
Effective May 16, 2024
TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146) FEDERAL Medium Both
Effective May 19, 2026
Texas TRAIGA Biometric and AI Training Amendments (HB 149, 89th Legislature) TX Medium
Effective January 1, 2026
Texas SB 1188 - Healthcare AI Practitioner Disclosure TX Low
Effective September 1, 2025
Texas Nonconsensual Intimate Deepfakes (SB 441) TX Medium
Effective September 1, 2025
Texas Government AI Ethics and Oversight (SB 1964) TX Low
Effective September 1, 2025
NIST AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0) FEDERAL Low Both
Effective January 26, 2023
This comparison shows the regulatory landscape. Your actual obligations depend on which AI tools you use and whether you build or deploy AI. Run a free scan with your specific details.
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